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Skeptical approaches concerning the effect of exposure to electromagnetic fields on brain hormones and enzyme activities
Aymen A Warille1, Gamze Altun2, Abdalla A Elamin3, Arife Ahsen Kaplan2, Hamza Mohamed3, Kıymet Kübra Yurt2, Abubaker El Elhaj3
1 Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
2 Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
3 Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
Correspondence Address:
Aymen A Warille
Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | 8 |
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2017.09.002
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This review discusses the effects of various frequencies of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on brain hormones and enzyme activity. In this context, the mechanism underlying the effects of EMF exposure on tissues generally and cellular pathway specifically has been discussed. The cell membrane plays important roles in mediating enzymatic activities as to response and reacts with extracellular environment. Alterations in the calcium signaling pathways in the cell membrane are activated in response to the effects of EMF exposure. Experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that no changes occur in serum prolactin levels in humans following short-term exposure to 900 Mega Hertz (MHz) EMF emitted by mobile phones. The effects of EMF on melatonin and its metabolite, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, in humans have also been investigated in the clinical studies to show a disturbance in metabolic activity of melatonin. In addition, although 900 MHz EMF effects on NF-κB inflammation, its effects on NF-κB are not clear.
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