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Architectural and ultrastructural variations of human leukocyte-rich platelet-rich fibrin and injectable platelet-rich fibrin
Sharmila Jasmine1, Annamalai Thangavelu1, Rajapandiyan Krishnamoorthy2, Khalid E Alzahrani3, Mohammad A Alshuniaber2
1 Department of Oral Maxillofacial surgery, Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Nanobiotechnology and Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
3 Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science; King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Correspondence Address:
Sharmila Jasmine,
Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Rajah Muthiah Dental College and Hospital, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None DOI: 10.4103/JMAU.JMAU_7_20
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Background: Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) architecture and ultrastructure plays a crucial role in regulating and coordinating the cellular functions and provides a physical architecture, mechanical stability, and biochemical cues necessary for tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis. No study consciously reported the variation in architecture, ultrastructure, and morphology of leukocyte-rich PRF (L-PRF) and injectable PRF (i-PRF). Objective: Hence, the present study was aimed to evaluate the fibrin architecture, ultrastructure, and cell contents of autologous L-PRF and i-PRF. Materials and Methods: The autologous L-PRF and i-PRF were prepared from blood samples of healthy donors. The morphological and structural variations were assessed by histopathology, atomic force microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscope, and field emission scanning electron microscope. Results: Disparity was found on architecture and ultrastructure of L-PRF and i-PRF fibrin network. The variation in platelet and leukocyte concentration attributed to the fibrin conformational changes. L-PRF shows thick fibrins with rough surface, whereas in i-PRF, smooth thin fibrins. Conclusions: The current study revealed that there is heterogeneity between L-PRF and i-PRF fibrin matrix architecture, ultrastructure, platelets, leukocytes, and the fibrin content. These speculate that the diameter, width, roughness, and smoothness of fibrin fibers, pore size, and shapes of L-PRF and i-PRF matrix may initiate and mediate the scaffold functions differently.
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